Practice Update March 2018
P r a c t i c e U p d a t e
March 2018
Big changes proposed to eligibility for the CGT SBCs
The Treasurer has released draft legislation containing new "integrity improvements" to the CGT small business concessions ('SBCs') (i.e., including the 15-year exemption, the retirement exemption, the 50% active asset reduction and the small business roll-over).
Due to the government's "continued support for genuine small business taxpayers" , it proposes making amendments so that the CGT SBCs can only be accessed in relation to assets used in a small business or ownership interests in a small business.
Predominantly, the amendments include additional basic conditions that must be satisfied for a taxpayer to apply the CGT SBCs to a capital gain arising in relation to a share in a company or an interest in a trust (i.e., a unit in a unit trust ).
This integrity rule is designed to prevent taxpayers from accessing these concessions for assets which are unrelated to their small business, such as where taxpayers arrange their affairs so that their ownership interests in larger businesses do not count towards the tests for determining eligibility for the concessions.
Under the proposed amendments, the measure would be backdated to apply from 1 July 2017 .
Editor: The proposed amendments, if enacted as currently drafted, will significantly restrict access to the CGT SBCs where taxpayers owning shares in a company, or units in a unit trust, seek to dispose of their interests in the entity.
This will particularly be the case where such interests are held in an asset-owning entity (i.e., which holds and/or leases business assets across to a separate, yet related, business entity).
It is to be hoped that the more draconian aspects of these measures may be scaled back, but due to the retrospective nature of the proposed amendments (i.e., from 1 July 2017), caution is warranted with respect to the SBCs in relation to the disposal of shares or units.
ATO's focus on work-related expenses
This year, the ATO is paying close attention to what people are claiming as 'other' work-related expense deductions, so it's important when taxpayers claim these expenses that they have records to show:
n they spent the money themselves and were not reimbursed;
n the expense was directly related to earning their income; and
n they have a record to prove it.
If the expense is for work and private use, the taxpayer can only claim a deduction for the work-related portion.
Importantly, taxpayers are not automatically entitled to claim standard deductions, but need to be able to show how they worked out their claims.
Editor: ‘Other’ work related expenses are expenses incurred by employees in relation to their work that are not for travel, clothing or self-education, such as home office expenses.
Taxpayer can't explain where she got the money to pay her expenses
The Administrative Appeals Tribunal has upheld amended assessments issued by the ATO to a beauty technician, based on the high volume of money passing through the taxpayer's various accounts when compared with the modest income she had included in her tax returns.
For example, in the 2015 income year, the taxpayer had declared income of $61,842, but the ATO’s analysis of her bank accounts, records of international money transfers, and casino data suggested she had spent $107,328.
The Tribunal noted that, in cases like this, the ATO is effectively making an "informed guess" as to the taxpayer’s income, but, provided there is a rational basis for the estimate, the ATO’s assessment will stand, unless the taxpayer can:
q demonstrate the assessment was excessive; and
q establish what the correct (or more nearly correct) figure is.
After hearing from the taxpayer and witnesses at the hearing, and after reviewing the documents, the Tribunal was not persuaded that the taxpayer had demonstrated that the Commissioner’s assessments were 'excessive'.
In particular, the taxpayer’s explanation regarding her income and expenditure was not supported by the objective facts in the hearing, being:
n the 'churn' through her bank accounts;
n the absence of contemporaneous records beyond the bank accounts (for example, she was always paid in cash without receiving pay slips); and
n the deficiency in corroborating evidence from other witnesses.
In addition to upholding the amended assessments, the Tribunal was also satisfied that the ATO's 75% administrative penalty on top of the tax payable was properly imposed.
Uber driver not an 'employee'
In a recent case, an Uber driver's access to the Uber app had been terminated as a result of failing to maintain an adequate overall rating, and he applied to the Fair Work Commission (FWC) for an unfair dismissal claim against Uber.
However, the FWC held that he was an independent contractor and not an 'employee', and therefore his application for unfair dismissal was dismissed.
Editor: Although this was not a tax case, it is obviously of interest to anyone involved in the 'gig economy', and it may have flow-on implications for other employment issues, such as super guarantee.
Government to fix a problem with reversionary TRISs
The government has released draft legislation to ensure that a reversionary Transition to Retirement Income Stream (‘TRIS’) will always be allowed to automatically transfer to eligible dependants (i.e., upon the death of the primary recipient).
Currently, a reversionary TRIS cannot transfer to a dependant if the dependant has not personally satisfied a condition of release.
If this positive measure is legislated, it will apply to reversionary TRISs from 1 July 2017 .
New small business benchmarks are available
The ATO has updated its small business benchmarks with the latest data from the 2015/16 financial year.
In addition to helping businesses to see if they are performing within their industry average, the benchmarks are one of the tools the ATO uses to identify businesses that may be a higher risk.
Editor: That is, they use the benchmarks to pick their audit targets, so please contact us if you would like us to check whether your data is inside or outside the average benchmark range for your industry.
Guide to the new Small Business Super Clearing House
The Small Business Superannuation Clearing House (SBSCH) joined the ATO's online services on 26 February 2018.
This is intended to streamline how businesses use the SBSCH, and will also include extra functionality, such as the ability to sort employee listings and payment by credit card.
Editor: The SBSCH is a free service that businesses with 19 or fewer employees (or which are SBEs) can use to comply with their super obligations.
Please Note: Many of the comments in this publication are general in nature and anyone intending to apply the information to practical circumstances should seek professional advice to independently verify their interpretation and the information’s applicability to their particular circumstances.
